In Islam there is a term known as destiny. Destiny is a term for the knowledge of Allah SWT which covers the entire universe. Every creature that lives on this earth has its own destiny and journey. There are several types of this destiny. Such provisions or decrees of Allah are called Qada. See the full explanation in the following review.
Quoted from the book Islamic Religious Education by Entang Suherman (2006: 88), linguistically (etymologically) qada means “to decide” or “to determine”. As for terms (terminology), qada is Allah’s decree for each of His creatures before their existence or birth, or in other words, qada means Allah’s plan for His creatures. These provisions include everything related to the conditions and what will happen to the creature.
Meanwhile, from a linguistic perspective, qadar comes from the word qadara which means “measure” or “to decide a matter”. The term qadar in Islam is God’s decision that occurs to a person based on the decisions, efforts and prayers made by that person. A person who has been determined to be sick by Allah, with Allah’s will can also become healthy if he tries to seek treatment and pray fervently or avoid something that makes him sick.
Definition of Destiny in Islam, Examples and Types
In everyday life, Allah’s qada and qadar are often called destiny. Linguistically, destiny comes from the same word as qadar. In its application, destiny can be divided into two types, namely mubram destiny and mu’allaq destiny. Here’s the explanation:
1. Mubram’s destiny
Mubram’s destiny is God’s decree for His creatures which does not change. For example, the death of a person and the occurrence of a natural disaster. This is in accordance with the word of Allah in Surah an-Nisa (4) verse 78 which means: wherever you are, death will overtake you, even though you are in a high and strong fortress.
Then the word of Allah in surah ar-Rahman verse 30 explains as follows:
So turn your face straight towards religion (Islam); (according to) Allah’s nature because He has created humans according to that (fitrah). There is no change in God’s creation.
2. Mu’allaq’s destiny
Mu’allaq’s destiny is God’s provision for His creatures which can still change. These changes are determined by Allah on the basis of maximum effort or effort as well as prayers made by humans. Success in changing destiny will be greatly influenced by humans in making changes. If the efforts made by humans are in accordance with God’s provisions, he will determine a good destiny.
Example of Destiny
1. Mubram’s destiny
For example, fate regarding a person’s birth, human death, soul mate, until the end of the world. Mubram’s destiny also includes all calamities and disasters that occur on earth.
Such as earthquakes, droughts, volcanic eruptions, and so on. Allah SWT says in Surah Al Hadid verse 22 that this has been written in Lauh Mahfudz,
مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ إِلَّا فِي كِتَابٍ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ نَبْرَأَهَا ۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ
Meaning: “Every disaster that befalls on earth and that befalls you, everything has been written in the Book (Lauh Mahfuzh) before We made it happen. Indeed, that is easy for Allah.”
2. Mu’allaq’s destiny
An example of a Muslim’s destiny in everyday life, for example, is the success of a student in achieving achievements by studying hard. Or, someone works hard to get a lot of fortune and satisfactory results.
That is the meaning of fate in Islam, examples and types that you can use to learn. Humans who are born on this earth from the womb are given an idea of what their life in this world will be like. Hope it is useful. (Umi)